PH20029: Thermal physics
Academic Year: | 2019/0 |
Owning Department/School: | Department of Physics |
Credits: | 6 [equivalent to 12 CATS credits] |
Notional Study Hours: | 120 |
Level: | Intermediate (FHEQ level 5) |
Period: |
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Assessment Summary: | EX 100% |
Assessment Detail: |
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Supplementary Assessment: |
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Requisites: | Before or while taking this module you must ( take PH10002 OR take PH10052 ) AND ( take PH10007 OR take MA10230 ) |
Description: | Aims: The aims of this unit are to develop a sound understanding of the concepts of classical thermodynamics and their application to physical processes and to introduce the concepts of statistical mechanics, showing how one builds from an elementary treatment based on a description of microstates to a discussion of Fermi and Bose systems. Learning Outcomes: After taking this unit the student should be able to: * define and understand thermodynamic terms such as temperature, equilibrium, function of state, reversibility; * understand and apply the 1st and 2nd laws; * define entropy and the common thermodynamic potentials and understand their importance to phase changes; * appreciate the need for a microscopic approach to thermal physics and demonstrate an understanding of the microstate formalism; * derive the appropriate thermodynamic potentials from the partition function of simple models; * calculate averages, heat capacities and other thermodynamic variables for simple models; * describe the Fermi-Dirac, Bose-Einstein, Boltzmann and Planck distribution functions and apply them to simple models. Skills: Numeracy T/F A, Problem Solving T/F A. Content: Overview (1 hour): Macroscopic and microscopic approaches to thermal physics. Classical thermodynamics (8 hours): Basic thermodynamic concepts. The second law of thermodynamics. Entropy. Analytical thermodynamics; application to phase changes. Introduction to statistical mechanics (4 hours): Microstates. Energy degeneracy. Multiparticle systems. Indistinguishability. Ensemble average. Statistical ensembles. Interacting systems. Temperature. Entropy. Chemical potential. Thermodynamic identity. Postulates and laws of thermodynamics. Boltzmann distribution and ideal gas (3 hours): Partition function. Boltzmann distribution. Partition function for many particles. Equipartition theorem. Density of states. Particle in a box. Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. Velocities of particles in a gas. Ideal monoatomic gas. Fermi and Bose gases (6 hours): Grand-canonical distribution. Fermi gases. Fermi-Dirac distribution. Classical and Quantum statistics. Fermi energy. Fermion gas law. Bose Einstein distribution. Bose-Einstein condensation. Bose gases. Boson gas law. Experiments on atom cooling and Bose condensation. Photon gas. Phonon gas. Heat capacity of an insulating solid. |
Programme availability: |
PH20029 is Compulsory on the following programmes:Department of Physics
PH20029 is Optional on the following programmes:Department of Physics
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