Department of Physics, Unit Catalogue 2007/08 |
PH30077 Electromagnetism 2 |
| Credits: 6 |
| Level: Honours |
| Semester: 1 |
| Assessment: EX100 |
| Requisites: |
| Before taking this unit you must (take PH20014 or take PH20061) and (take PH20017 or take PH20063) and take PH20020 |
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Aims: An aim of this unit is to provide a mathematical framework for the description of the radiation, transmission, reception and guidance of electromagnetic energy. A further aim is to provide an introduction to the interaction of electromagnetic waves with matter, focussing particularly on processes of absorption, luminescence and scattering within materials.
Learning Outcomes: After taking this unit the student should be able to: * describe some simple antennas and analyse their basic characteristics using magnetic vector potentials; * explain the basic features of guided modes in metallic, dielectric and fibre waveguides; * derive expressions for the real and imaginary parts of the complex dielectric constant of a dipole oscillator; * write down the Kramers-Kronig relations and explain how these may be used to calculate the dispersion of a material from its absorption spectrum; * outline the main physical principles underlying Raman and Brillouin scattering. Skills: Numeracy T/F A, Problem Solving T/F A. Content: Radiation (3 hours): Electromagnetic potentials, retarded potentials, near and far fields, radiation from a Hertz dipole, simple antennas and antenna arrays. Transmission lines (3 hours): Distributed parameters, equivalent circuit model, transmission line wave equation, loss-less and distortion free lines, terminated lines. Guided waves (6 hours): The rectangular metal pipe waveguide, dielectric waveguides, optical fibres. Propagation of electromagnetic waves in materials (4 hours): Atomic oscillators, vibrational oscillators, free electron oscillators. Dipole oscillator model for atomic absorption; resonant frequency and linewidth of atomic absorption lines, frequency dependence of the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant. Kramers-Kronig relations. Absorption and emission spectra (3 hours): Frequency dependence of complex refractive index in crystalline insulators and semiconductors, glasses, metals, molecular materials, and doped glasses and insulators. Luminescence spectra; fluorescence, phosphorescence, Stokes shift. Elastic and inelastic scattering of electromagnetic waves (3 hours): Rayleigh, Raman and Brillouin scattering. |