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 Academic Year: | 2016/7 |
| Owning Department/School: | Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology |
| Credits: | 12 [equivalent to 24 CATS credits] |
| Notional Study Hours: | 240 |
| Level: | Certificate (FHEQ level 4) |
| Period: |
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| Assessment Summary: | EX 100% |
| Assessment Detail: |
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| Supplementary Assessment: |
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| Requisites: | While taking this module you must take PA10312 AND take PA10313 AND take PA10314 |
| Description:
| Aims: To enable the student to understand the fundamental chemical, physicochemical and biological concepts underpinning pharmacology from the sub-atomic to the cellular level. Learning Outcomes: After completing this unit, the pharmacology student will be able to: * Describe factors that affect the 3-dimensional shape of molecules and assign stereochemical descriptions; * Present reaction mechanisms for the inter-conversion of common functional groups and outline how these functional groups mediate acidity, basicity and bonding interactions; * Appreciate how physiochemical properties of a molecule influence its behaviour as a drug; recognise the different approaches to drug discovery and grasp the importance of each; * Distinguish the different types of drug classes and describe the methods used in their development. Skills: Scientific and practical skills (T/F/A) Study skills, handling information, working with others (T/F) Problem solving (T/F/A). Content: * From molecules to medicines - the concepts * Orbital theory, electron configurations and hybridisation * Introduction to isotopes, radioactivity and radioactive decay * Bonding (covalent, ionic, hydrogen, intermolecular) * Electron density, inductive effects and mesomeric effects * Fundamentals of acids and bases (pKa) * Systematic nomenclature and drawing of small molecules and drugs * Calculation of yields, moles and concentrations * Functional groups and their conversions (substitution, elimination) * Structural isomers and configuration * Stereo isomers (polarimetry, +/-, racemisation) * Recognition and assignment of chirality, relevance to drugs and receptors * Carbonyl group chemistry and biochemistry * Reactions of carbonyl groups * Alkylation and acylation reactions of enols and enolates * Chemistry and reactions of esters and amides * Biochemistry of esters and amides * Reactions of alkenes (electrophilic and nucleophilic) * Aromatic groups (properties, reactions and biochemistry) * Introduction to oxidation reactions * Introduction to reduction reactions * Concepts of drugs, medicines and active pharmaceutical ingredients * Importance of physiochemical properties to small molecule drugs (molecular weight, pKa, solubility, log P, Lipinski rules) * Molecular (chemical) basis for drug degradation * Overview of drug targets in bacteria, virus and cancer * Introduction to the drug discovery pipeline and regulatory requirements * Examples of natural products as drugs * Modern drug discovery pipeline * Examples of rational drug discovery * Case studies of modern drug discovery techniques and examples of modern drug design * Introduction to biological drugs and emerging drug technologies * Radioisotopes: drugs and markers. |
| Programme availability: |
PA10311 is Compulsory on the following programmes:Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology
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Notes:
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